If you have had to deal with melasma, you could probably write a novel on how difficult and frustrating it can be trying to get rid of this condition on your own. Now, melasma can be difficult to get rid of because of two simple reasons.
The first reason is that melasma tends to recur which is mostly due to triggers you probably don’t even know about or are yet to find out. Melasma is also difficult to get rid of on your own because it is often resistant to certain treatments.
On this page, we will show you some of the top melasma treatments recommended by skin and cosmetic doctors for melasma. Also, we will show you the remedies they discourage for melasma. Keep reading!
What will a Dermatologist Prescribe for Melasma?
When it comes to treating melasma, dermatologists typically recommend a combination of treatments that target different aspects of the condition. It all depends on your specific needs thus the question; what will a dermatologist prescribe for melasma?
If you’re diagnosed with melasma, your skin or cosmetic doctor will most likely prescribe hydroquinone due to its effectiveness in lightening dark spots. In fact, it is often the first line of treatment for melasma. Hydroquinone works by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase, which is involved in the production of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color.
Your skin or cosmetic doctor may recommend using hydroquinone for a few months, followed by a break to prevent potential side effects like ochronosis. Just so you know, ochronosis is a condition that can cause blue-black pigmentation in the skin. Here are some other treatment options that work for melasma;
● Tretinoin and Corticosteroids
Tretinoin is a form of vitamin A commonly used in combination with hydroquinone to enhance its effectiveness. It speeds up cell turnover to help fade melasma more quickly.
Corticosteroids are sometimes added to this regimen to reduce inflammation and minimize potential irritation caused by tretinoin and hydroquinone. This triple combination therapy is a popular choice for treating melasma. In fact, it has been shown to produce significant improvements in pigmentation.
● Azelaic Acid and Kojic Acid
These treatments may be recommended if you have sensitive skin or if you’re seeking alternatives to hydroquinone. Azelaic acid works by inhibiting melanin production and has anti-inflammatory properties.
Essentially, these properties are what make it suitable for treating both melasma and acne. Kojic acid which is derived from fungi also inhibits melanin production and is often found in skin-lightening products. These agents are gentler on the skin and can be used for longer periods compared to hydroquinone.
● Chemical Peels
Chemical peels are available in different types and strengths. The most commonly used options in top melasma treatments are glycolic acid peels and salicylic acid peels.
Glycolic acid peels are commonly used to exfoliate the skin’s surface to promote the shedding of pigmented cells and reveal fresher, lighter skin beneath. These peels are particularly effective for persons with mild to moderate melasma.
Glycolic acid which is an alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA) also enhances the penetration of topical treatments like hydroquinone to improve their efficacy. Regular treatments over several months are usually recommended for best results.
Salicylic acid peels may be recommended if you have oily or acne-prone skin. Salicylic acid is a beta-hydroxy acid (BHA) that penetrates the pores.
It can help clear out debris and reduce inflammation. While not as potent as glycolic acid for treating melasma, salicylic acid peels can still offer a noticeable improvement in pigmentation when used regularly.
● Laser Treatments
Laser treatments are also available in different types and strengths. Some of the options commonly used as top melasma treatments are;
- Fractional Laser: Fractional laser resurfacing targets deeper layers of the skin, where melasma pigmentation often resides. This treatment involves creating micro-injuries in the skin that stimulate the body’s natural healing process. This process triggers the production of new, healthy skin cells. Fractional lasers can effectively reduce melasma pigmentation while minimizing the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation which is a common concern with other laser treatments.
- Q-Switched Nd Laser: The Q-Switched Nd laser is frequently used in the treatment of melasma due to its safety and effectiveness. This laser works by delivering short pulses of energy that break down the pigment particles in the skin without causing significant damage to the surrounding tissues. The Q-Switched Nd laser is particularly beneficial for individuals with darker skin tones, as it carries a lower risk of causing further pigmentation issues.
● Sun Protection
Sun protection is a key component of any top melasma treatment plan. Broad-spectrum sunscreens that protect against both UVA and UVB rays are essential to prevent melasma from worsening.
Skin and cosmetic doctors typically recommend using sunscreens with an SPF of 30 or higher and applying them generously to all exposed skin. Reapplication every two hours, especially after sweating or swimming, is necessary to maintain protection. Sunscreen should be used daily, even on cloudy days, to protect the skin from incidental sun exposure.
What Treatments should be avoided for Melasma?
While there are many treatments for melasma, not all are recommended by dermatologists. Some treatments can exacerbate the condition or cause other skin issues. Examples are;
● Aggressive Laser Treatments
Ablative lasers, which remove the outer layers of the skin, are generally not recommended for melasma treatment. These lasers can cause significant inflammation which may again lead to post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
This can make your melasma worse. A good skin or cosmetic doctor will typically recommend less aggressive laser options, like the Q-Switched Nd laser, to minimize the risk of worsening pigmentation.
● Over-the-Counter Bleaching Creams
A good example here is unregulated hydroquinone products. While hydroquinone is effective for treating melasma, using unregulated over-the-counter products with high concentrations of hydroquinone can be dangerous.
These products may contain impurities or incorrect concentrations which may lead to skin irritation, ochronosis, and other side effects. A good provider will only recommend using hydroquinone products under medical supervision to ensure safety and efficacy.
● Home Remedies and DIY Treatments
Lemon juice and other citrus-based treatments are popular home remedies for skin lightening. However, they are not recommended for melasma.
Here’s why; these treatments can cause irritation, especially when exposed to sunlight which may lead to increased pigmentation and worsening melasma. Dermatologists advise against using such home remedies and recommend sticking to clinically proven treatments. The other discouraged DIY treatments are;
- Baking Soda and Abrasive Scrubs: These products can damage the skin’s protective barrier and cause increased sensitivity and irritation. Scrubbing the skin can also trigger an inflammatory response which can make your pigmentation issues worse.
- Unsupervised Use of Steroids: Potent Topical Steroids: Potent topical steroids can provide quick relief from inflammation. However, unsupervised use can be harmful, especially for melasma. Long-term use of high-potency steroids can also thin your skin and make it more prone to damage and worsening pigmentation.
In Closing
Melasma varies from person to person. So, choosing the right melasma treatment requires a personalized approach. A good skin or cosmetic doctor will consider factors like your skin type, severity of melasma, and individual lifestyle when recommending treatments.
Want to learn more or see which treatments are best suited for you? Why not give us a quick call? Or, visit us today? See details below;
One Face Clinic – Pigmentation | Melasma Treatment | Acne Singapore
1 Tras Link, #02-01 Orchid Hotel Singapore,
Singapore 078867
+65 6222 2262