Adrenalinum: A allopathic medicine for hypertension

Adrenalinum: A allopathic medicine for hypertension

Can we use homoeopathy to treat HYPERTENSION without the use of modern medicines? Can a homoeopathic medicine in DECIMAL potency act as a replacement to modern medicine? Can we give a constitutional medicine in centesimal or 50 millesimal potency along with this decimal potency to STOP the allopathic medicine of the patient and switch them to ONLY homoeopathic medicines?

KEYWORDS

Hypertension, Adrenalinum, decimal potency, constitutional, allopathic medicine.

INTRODUCTION

Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.[1] High blood pressure usually does not cause symptoms.[2] Long-term high blood pressure, however, is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, peripheral vascular disease, vision loss, chronic kidney disease, and dementia.[3,4,5,6]

High blood pressure is classified as either primary (essential) high blood pressure or secondary high blood pressure.[7] About 90–95% of cases are primary, defined as high blood pressure due to nonspecific lifestyle and genetic factors.[8,9] Lifestyle factors that increase the risk include excess salt in the diet, excess body weight, smoking, and alcohol use.[2,7] The remaining 5–10% of cases are categorized as secondary high blood pressure, defined as high blood pressure due to an identifiable cause, such as chronic kidney disease, narrowing of the kidney arteries, an endocrine disorder, or the use of birth control pills.[7]

Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements, the systolic and diastolic pressures, which are the maximum and minimum pressures, respectively.[3] For most adults, normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100–130 millimetres mercury (mmHg) systolic and 60–80 mmHg diastolic.[9,10] For most adults, high blood pressure is present if the resting blood pressure is persistently at or above 130/90 or 140/90 mmHg.[7,9]

Lifestyle changes and medications can lower blood pressure and decrease the risk of health complications.[11] Lifestyle changes include weight loss, decreased salt intake, physical exercise, and a healthy diet.[7] If lifestyle changes are not sufficient then blood pressure medications are used.[11] Up to three medications can control blood pressure in 90% of people.[7] The treatment of moderately high arterial blood pressure (defined as >160/100 mmHg) with medications is associated with an improved life expectancy.[12]

BUT,

Can we use Homoeopathy to treat HYPERTENSION without the use of Modern medicines? Can a Homoeopathic Medicine in DECIMAL potency act as a replacement to Modern medicine? Can we give a Constitutional medicine in Centesimal or LM potency along with this Decimal potency to STOP the allopathic medicine of the patient and switch them to ONLY homoeopathic medicines?

BODY

To find out the answer to this, I read about an interesting drug called “ADRENALINUM”.

Some of them are mentioned below –

Adrenaline

Adrenaline, also known as adrenalin or epinephrine, is a hormone, neurotransmitter, and medication.[13,14] Epinephrine is normally produced by both the adrenal glands and certain neurons.[13] It plays an important role in the fight-or-flight response by increasing blood flow to muscles, output of the heart, pupil dilation, and blood sugar.[15,16] It does this by binding to alpha and beta receptors.[16] It is found in many animals and some single cell organisms.[17,18] Napoleon Cybulski first isolated epinephrine in 1895.[19]

Mechanism of action

Physiologic responses to epinephrine by organ

Organ Effects
Heart Increases heart rate; contractility; conduction across AV node
Lungs Increases respiratory rate; bronchodilation
Systemic Vasoconstriction and vasodilation
Liver Stimulates glycogenolysis
Systemic Triggers lipolysis
Systemic Muscle contraction

As a hormone, epinephrine acts on nearly all body tissues. Its actions vary by tissue type and tissue expression of adrenergic receptors. For example, high levels of epinephrine causes smooth muscle relaxation in the airways but causes contraction of the smooth muscle that lines most arterioles.

Epinephrine acts by binding to a variety of adrenergic receptors. Epinephrine is a nonselective agonist of all adrenergic receptors, including the major subtypes α1, α2, β1, β2, and β3.[20] Epinephrine’s binding to these receptors triggers a number of metabolic changes.

Its actions are to increase peripheral resistance via α1 receptor-dependent vasoconstriction and to increase cardiac output via its binding to β1 receptors. The goal of reducing peripheral circulation is to increase coronary and cerebral perfusion pressures and therefore increase oxygen exchange at the cellular level.[21] While epinephrine does increase aortic, cerebral, and carotid circulation pressure, it lowers carotid blood flow and end-tidal CO2 or ETCO2 levels. It appears that epinephrine may be improving macro-circulation at the expense of the capillary beds where actual perfusion is taking place.[22]

As a medication, it is used to treat a number of conditions including anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, and superficial bleeding.[23] Common side effects include shakiness, anxiety, and sweating. A fast heart rate and high blood pressure may occur. Occasionally it may result in an abnormal heart rhythm. While the safety of its use during pregnancy and breastfeeding is unclear, the benefits to the mother must be taken into account.[23]

ADRENALINUM AND VARIOUS OTHER STUDIES –

  1. Arterio-sclerosis, Angina pectoris, chlorosis, Chronic-aortitis, Haemophilia, Hypotension, shock (myocardial infarction) have been helped with adrenalinum.[24]
  2. The main action of Adrenalin is stimulation of the sympathetic endings, notably the splanchnic area, causing constriction of the peripheral arterioles, with resulting rise in blood pressure.[25]
  3. It appears to possess a very powerful local action over dilated blood vessels. When injected into the circulation blood pressure rises, the arteries being contracted.[26]
  4. It causes very prompt rise of blood pressure and increases the slow pulse rate to normal one, because it stimulates the nerve ends attached to the blood vessels of the heart especially 3x and 6x.[27]
  5. Blood – BLOOD vessels, general, – aorta, inflamed, acute – chronic, Blood – BLOOD vessels, general, – aorta, inflamed, acute – ulcerative, Blood – BLOOD vessels, general, – arteriosclerosis, Blood – BLOOD vessels, general, – inflammation, of – chronic, Blood – HYPERTENSION, high blood pressure.[28]
  6. Adrenaline or Epinephrine, the active principle of the medulla of the suprarenal gland is employed as a chemical messenger in the regulation of the activities of the body in fact.
  7. Its presence is essential to the activity of the sympathetic nerves. Adrenaline appears to possess a very powerful local action over dilated blood vessels. When injected into the circulation blood pressure raises, the arteries being contracted.[29]
  8. Malignant hypertension, Atherosclerosis in young people, Angina pectoris; constriction chest with anguish, vertigo and nausea/vomiting, Pulse rapid/irregular, Haemorrhages from any part with hypertension.[30]
  9. Is cowardly, despondent, nervous, distracted, averse to mental labor; the eyes feel strained, as if one must open them wide or press on them, the eyeballs ache, better rubbing and pressure; the face flushed, but not red, the urine hot, strong, scalding, copious, frequent and pale; the arms and legs, especially below the knees, tire and ache, especially on walking; the pulse is rapid, irregular and intermittent.[31]
  10. Arteriosclerosis, Angina pectoris, Shock or heart failure during anesthesia, to raise the blood pressure.[32]
  11. Adrenaline or Epinephrine, the active principle of the medulla of the suprarenal gland is employed as a chemical messenger in the regulation of the activities of the body in fact.
  12. Its presence is essential to the activity of the sympathetic nerves. Adrenaline appears to possess a very powerful local action over dilated blood vessels. When injected into the circulation blood pressure rises, the arteries being contracted.[33]
  13. Its chief therapeutic use depends on its vasoconstriction action; therefore a most powerful and prompt astringent and haemostatic; and invaluable in checking capillary haemorrhages from all parts, where local or direct application is feasible, for homœopathic use 2x to 6x attenuation.[34]
  14. Its main action is as the mediator of the fight or flight response. It quickly increases heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output.[35]

CONCLUSION

The question which arose in my mind was, can we give ADRENALINUM IN DECIMAL POTENCY and try to reduce the Anti-hypertensives for the same patient? Here, we could continue our Individualized Homoeopathic Medicine for the patient and wean off the Anti-hypertensive and shift the patients on Adrenalinum in decimal potency (preferably 3X and 6X).

I urge senior homoeopaths and others to consider this thought for further evaluation with their vast experience and huge daily practice.

REFERENCES

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  2. “High Blood Pressure Fact Sheet”. CDC. 19 February 2015. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  3. Lackland, DT; Weber, MA (May 2015). “Global burden of cardiovascular disease and stroke: hypertension at the core”. The Canadian journal of cardiology. 31 (5): 569–71. doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2015.01.009. PMID 25795106.
  4. Mendis, Shanthi; Puska, Pekka; Norrving, Bo (2011). Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control (PDF) (1st ed.). Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization. p. 38. ISBN 9789241564373. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 August 2014.
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  6. Lau, DH; Nattel, S; Kalman, JM; Sanders, P (August 2017). “Modifiable Risk Factors and Atrial Fibrillation”. Circulation (Review). 136 (6): 583–96. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.023163. PMID 28784826.
  7. Poulter, NR; Prabhakaran, D; Caulfield, M (22 August 2015). “Hypertension”. Lancet. 386 (9995): 801–12. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61468-9. PMID 25832858.
  8. Carretero OA, Oparil S; Oparil (January 2000). “Essential hypertension. Part I: definition and etiology”. Circulation. 101 (3): 329–35. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.101.3.329. PMID 10645931. Archived from the original on 12 February 2012.
  9. Whelton, Paul K.; Carey, Robert M.; Aronow, Wilbert S.; Casey, Donald E.; Collins, Karen J.; Dennison Himmelfarb, Cheryl; DePalma, Sondra M.; Gidding, Samuel; Jamerson, Kenneth A.; Jones, Daniel W.; MacLaughlin, Eric J.; Muntner, Paul; Ovbiagele, Bruce; Smith, Sidney C.; Spencer, Crystal C.; Stafford, Randall S.; Taler, Sandra J.; Thomas, Randal J.; Williams, Kim A.; Williamson, Jeff D.; Wright, Jackson T. (13 November 2017). “2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults”. Hypertension: HYP.0000000000000065. doi:10.1161/HYP.0000000000000065.
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About Author: 

Dr. Darshan Jayesh Shah is a Consulting Homoeopath and is fascinated with and has a special interest in the in-depth study of Hahnemann’s Organon of Medicine and Aphorisms and its application in practice.

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